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Antenna Bazooka 27 MHz

Antenna double bazooka 27mhz cable stretch rg58(5,24M) and to 11M radio, total 16.24M cable is suitable for 11 meter band radio
Very suitable for narrow or inadequate land, can be in the form of horizontal, vertical, inverted letter V and letter L
see the picture for the inverted V bazooka antenna installation



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photo transistor circuit


The human eye was a  persistance of vision of about 0.02 second. Therefore a light that flashes on and off more than about 50 Hz appears continuously on. The human ear is much faster and can respond to sound with a frequency Up to about 20.000 Hz. The Light listener transforms the pulsating and flickering of light that eye cannot discern into sounds . The ear can easily hear.

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Free energy Devices Radiant Energy

 

II. DR. T. HENRY MORAY PROJECTS

b) Radiant Energy Patents - Various R. E. Circuits and Devices

1. Patent No. 2,813,242, Nov. 1957 L. R. Crump-Atmospheric Energy Device
This radiant energy conversion art is quite significant since it discloses three distinct conversion applications circuits which are both practical and worthy of further study and improvement.
The accompanying schematics show the three versions, along with the identification of each component within the three circuit diagrams. Of particular interest is the circuit diagram shown in FIG. 3, which is the high voltage D. C. conversion, using input coils, tuning capacitor, a transistor oscillator, transformer and diode circuitry. This arrange- ment should offer the best combination of components to produce a high potential output from a radiant energy source.
The circuit version shown in FIG. 2 is for a general low voltage, wattage arrangement which is simple and may be useful for certain applications. The circuit version shown in FIG. 1 is a direct transistor radio operational design, which is self-explanatory.
There is a general similarity of Cramp's work to that of Lester Hendershot, except for the addition of the antenna and diodes in Crump's art. It should be noted that the tuning capacitor in Crump's circuit is a desirable feature in any Radiant Energy device, since these circuits need to be "tuned" to R.E. frequency. Hendershot's permanent magnet/& clapper component is a desirable dynamic feature which might be used to advantage within the Crump circuitry, but this will require some experimentation before an optimum match is obtained.
The addition of the diodes in Cramp's circuitry increases polarization efficiency, and generally improves the R. E. conversion value of this device. It should be noted that it is believed that Dr. T. H. Moray also used antenna-coupled coils directly connected to his 100 foot long directional antenna, as the Crump input circuitry indicates.
In a general manner, the Cramp circuitry appears to bridge between the art of Moray and Hendershot in the selec- tion and application of the various components, as can be seen from a review of their circuit components.

2. Xtec Corporation, of New Britain, Conn, with reference to Crump's Patent above, (Pats, pending)
This group has developed an antenna/amplifier arrangement which is said to collect and amplify atmospheric/ra- diant energy. The antenna operates as a dependent power supply for the system. An input signal turns on the power amplifying antenna which draws on the potential between two points in the environment to complete a circuit through a form of inductive coupling. The result is amplified energy for the load to be driven.

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Simple Diode Radio For Low Impedance Headphones


Diode Radio for Low Impedance Headphones – Build a High-Performance Crystal Radio Using Germanium Diodes

Simple crystal radio circuit using germanium diode and impedance matching for low-impedance headphones.

Diode radios, also known as crystal radios, are among the most popular DIY electronics projects for beginners, survival enthusiasts, and radio hobbyists. Using only a small number of inexpensive components and no external power source, a diode radio can receive AM, Medium Wave (MW), Long Wave (LW), and Shortwave (SW) signals.

This guide explains how to build a diode radio for low-impedance headphones (2 × 32Ω) using a germanium diode semiconductor, a ferrite rod antenna, and a simple impedance-matching transformer.

⚠️ Educational Disclaimer

This article is provided for educational and hobbyist purposes only. The radio described here does not generate power and does not violate any laws of physics. It operates entirely on energy received from radio waves.

What Is a Diode Radio (Crystal Radio)?

A diode radio is the simplest form of radio receiver. It works by converting radio frequency (RF) signals directly into audio signals using a detector diode, without amplification, batteries, or power supplies.

Because of their simplicity and reliability, crystal radios are widely used in:

  • STEM education kits
  • Survival and emergency communication
  • Electronics hobby projects
  • Vintage radio restoration

Why Germanium Diodes Are Essential

The most critical component in a crystal radio is the detector diode. For best performance, a germanium diode such as OA70 or 1N34 (IN34) must be used.

Diode Type Forward Voltage Crystal Radio Suitability
OA70 Germanium ≈ 0.2 V Excellent
1N34 / IN34 ≈ 0.25 V Excellent
Silicon Diode ≈ 0.7 V Not recommended

Germanium diodes are able to detect extremely weak AM radio signals that silicon diodes cannot.

The Low-Impedance Headphone Problem

Traditional crystal radios were designed to work with high-impedance headphones (typically 2 × 2000Ω). These headphones are now rare and expensive.

Modern headphones usually have an impedance of 2 × 32Ω, which causes:

  • Signal loss
  • Low volume
  • Reduced selectivity

Without impedance matching, modern headphones are unsuitable for diode radio designs.

Solution: Impedance Matching Transformer

The solution is to use an impedance matching transformer taken from a switchable-voltage AC adapter (3V / 4.5V / 6V / 9V / 12V).

Remove the rectifier diodes and capacitors, and use only the transformer windings. By selecting different voltage taps, you can optimize the impedance match between the crystal detector and low-impedance headphones.

This technique significantly improves:

  • Audio volume
  • Signal clarity
  • Overall sensitivity

Ferrite Rod Antenna Design

The antenna system has the greatest influence on crystal radio performance.

Ferrite Rod Specifications

  • Diameter: 10 mm
  • Length: 100 mm
  • Material: AM ferrite

Coil Winding

  • Total turns: 60
  • Taps every 10 turns
  • Wire: 0.2–0.3 mm enamel copper wire

Coil tapping allows you to match the antenna strength and reduce circuit damping.

External Antenna and Grounding

A long-wire antenna (10–30 meters) dramatically increases reception. However, too much coupling can overload the circuit, so connecting the antenna to a lower coil tap is recommended.

Grounding (Critical for Performance)

  • Cold water pipe
  • Dedicated ground rod
  • Moist soil earth ground

Good grounding can increase audio output by several times.

Complete Component List

  • Small PCB or prototyping board
  • Mini project enclosure
  • Ferrite rod antenna
  • Germanium diode (OA70 or 1N34)
  • Variable capacitor (VC1) – 500 pF
  • Capacitor (C2) – 10 nF
  • Impedance matching transformer
  • Low-impedance headphones (2 × 32Ω)
  • Headphone jack
  • Antenna wire
  • Ground wire

Step-by-Step Construction

  1. Wind the ferrite rod coil and add tap points.
  2. Install the variable capacitor for tuning.
  3. Connect the germanium diode detector.
  4. Add the transformer and headphone jack.
  5. Connect antenna and earth ground.

Experiment with coil taps and transformer taps for best reception.

Expected Performance

  • Receives strong AM stations without batteries
  • Unlimited operating life
  • Clear audio with proper grounding

This design is ideal for education, emergency preparedness, and hobby use.

🛒 Recommended Components

Using high-quality components significantly improves reception, durability, and audio clarity. Below are tested components ideal for this diode radio project.

🔸 Germanium Diode (Critical Component)

🔸 Variable Capacitor (AM Tuning)

🔸 Ferrite Rod Antenna

🔸 Impedance Matching Transformer

🔸 Low Impedance Headphones

Conclusion

Building a diode radio for low-impedance headphones is a practical and rewarding project. By combining a germanium diode, a ferrite rod antenna, and an impedance matching transformer, you can achieve impressive performance from a completely passive radio receiver.

This timeless design remains one of the most educational and profitable DIY electronics projects available today.

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Best One Transistor Radio

 

One Transistor Radio - Here is a simple circuit for a one transistor Audion type radio powered by a 1.5 V battery and Transistor BC548 It employs a set of standard low- impedance headphones with the headphone  socket wired so that the two sides are connected in series thus giving an impedance of 64 Q. The supply to the circuit also passes through the headphones so that  unplugging the headphones turns off the supply Using an Audion configuration means that the single transistor performs both demodulation and ampli- fication of the  signal. The sensitivity of this receiver is such that a 2 m length of wire is all that is needed as an antenna. The tap on the antenna coil is at l/5th of the total  winding on the ferrite rod.The antenna coil on the 10 mm diameter by 100 mm long ferrite rod is made up of 60 turns with a tap point at every 10 turns; this is suit- able for medium wave reception. If a long external aerial is used it should be connected to a lower tap point to reduce its damping effect on the circuit.  This circuit is suitable for reception of all  AM transmissions from longwave through to shortwave.

Parts List :

Transistor BC548
R1    100K
VC1     500pF
C2     10uF
C3     100nF

L1 10mm diameter Coil, 100 mm long Ferrite rod
60 turns with a tap point 10 turns

Headphone 2 X 32 Ohm
Battery 1.5 V

Mini Box
PCB 
Antenna Telescopic



Reference : Elektor Electronics - B.Kainka
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